| The Brain and the Nerve System is manifested by the presence
of the Higher Self in the Body. It is the Electrical System of the body.
It is composed of the Central Nerve System and the Peripheral Nerve System.
The Central Nerve System is composed of The Brain, The Brain Stem and The
Spinal Chord. The Peripheral Nerve System consists of twelve pairs of cranial
nerves which emerge from the brain and 31 pairs of spinal nerves which
emerge form the spinal chord.
The Brain is divided into two main categories, Forebrain and the Brain stem. The brain stem is divided into two categories, the Mid brain and the Hind brain. The Forebrain consists of the two cerebral hemispheres, the corpus callosum, The pineal gland, the Thalamus, Hypothalamus and pituitary gland.. The functions of the brain stem and the spinal chord are controlled by the forebrain. The cerebral hemispheres receive sensations from the senses, are involved in perception, thinking, intelligence, memory, decision making and the movement of body parts. The right cerebral hemisphere (right brain) in most people is important in inner perceptions such as creativity, intuitive processes, art and music appreciation, and spatial perception. The left cerebral hemisphere (left brain) is important in outward perceptions such as logical linear thinking, mathematics and languages. The corpus callosum is a wide band of nerve tracts that connects the right and left brain together and enables the two hemispheres to communicate with each other and work together. The the corpus callosum, the right brain and the left brain also control pineal gland. The pineal gland is an endocrine gland which secretes a hormone that stimulates the hypothalamus. The pineal is located just in front of the posterior end of the corpus callosum. Thalamus relays information to the cerebrum from the senses and sends instructions to the body muscles from the cerebrum. The Hypothalamus coordinates the central nervous system and controls sleep, body temperature, appetite and other life processes in the body. The hypothalamus also secretes hormones that stimulate the pituitary gland which is attached to the lower part of the hypothalamus. The pituitary gland is an endocrine gland that coordinates all the other endocrine glands. The Brain stem is divided into two parts: the mid brain and the hind brain. The mid brain is the highest part of the brain stem and is a relay station for messages to and from the brain. The hind brain is composed of the cerebellum, the pons and the medulla oblongata. The cerebellum maintains posture and coordinates complex body movements. The pons affects breathing and conducts information back and forth between areas of the brain and the body. The medulla oblongata communicates information between the higher brain centers and the spinal chord. It regulates the heart beat and the strength of the heartbeat, the rate of respiration and the diameter of the blood vessels. The spinal chord contains nerve circuits which convey information to and from the brain. The spinal chord is located in the spinal cavity which is in the vertebral column. Inside the spinal cavity is cerebrospinal fluid which circulates in the spinal cavity and in and around the brain. The fluid is produced by the chorid plexus which is just below the corpus callosum. the chorid plexus is in the center of two cavities called the lateral ventricles. The cereberalspinal fluid drains from the lateral ventricles to the third ventricle then to the cerebral aqueduct to the forth ventricle and to the central canal which is attached to the brain stem. From the central canal the fluid circulates down the central canal of the spinal chord and into the space surrounding the spinal chord and brain The spinal chord and brain are suspended in the cerebralspinal fluid which protects them. The brain is sort of suspended in fluid, so it's sensitive nerve tissue won't be crushed by the weight of the brain. The blood, as well as the cerebrospinal fluid, provides nutrition and monitors pH balance and carbon dioxide levels in the body. The peripheral nerve system is made up of 12 pairs of cranial nerves and 31 pairs of spinal nerves. The twelve pairs of cranial nerves of the peripheral nerve system are the nerves associated with the five senses and their related functions. The thirty one pairs of spinal nerves are associated with the different regions of the vertebral column. These nerves carry information to and from different regions of the body. They carry sensory information from glands, organs and muscles to the spinal chord and send motor impulses to the glands, organs and muscles in the different regions of the body. Of the 12 pairs of cranial nerves 2 pairs emerge from the brain and 10 pairs emerge from the brain stem. The 31 pairs of spinal nerves emerge from the five regions of the vertebral column.
Both voluntary nerve and involuntary nerve functions are found in the Central Nerve system. Both voluntary and involuntary nerve functions are found in the peripheral nerve system.
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